How helminths use excretory secretory fractions to modulate dendritic cells
نویسندگان
چکیده
It is well known that helminth parasites have immunomodulatory effects on their hosts. They characteristically cause a skew toward T(H)2 immunity, stimulate Treg cells while simultaneously inhibiting T(H)1 and T(H)17 responses. Additionally, they induce eosinophilia and extensive IgE release. The exact mechanism of how the worms achieve this effect have yet to be fully elucidated; however, parasite-derived secretions and their interaction with antigen presenting cells have been centrally implicated. Herein, we will review the effects of helminth excretory-secretory fractions on dendritic cells and discuss how this interaction is crucial in shaping the host response.
منابع مشابه
Composition of the Schistosoma mansoni worm secretome: Identification of immune modulatory Cyclophilin A
The helminth Schistosoma mansoni modulates the infected host's immune system to facilitate its own survival, by producing excretory/secretory molecules that interact with a variety of the host's cell types including those of the immune system. Herein, we characterise the S. mansoni adult male worm secretome and identify 111 proteins, including 7 vaccine candidates and several molecules with pot...
متن کاملEvaluate Toxocara Canis Excretory-Secretory Antigens in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis (EAE)
BACKGROUND: Toxocara canis is the most prevalent intestinal roundworm of canid species. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the effects of Toxocara canis excretory-secretory antigens (TcES Ag) on modulating the immune system in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis (EAE) model. METHODS: Adult worms of T.canis were collected from dogs to obtain excretory-secretory antigens. Female C57BL/6m...
متن کاملHelminth Infections: Recognition and Modulation of the Immune Response by Innate Immune Cells
The survival of helminths in the host over long periods of time is the result of a process of adaptation or dynamic co-evolution between the host and the parasite. However, infection with helminth parasites causes damage to the host tissues producing the release of danger signals that induce the recruitment of various cells, including innate immune cells such as macrophages (Mo), dendritic cell...
متن کاملParasitic helminths: a pharmacopeia of anti-inflammatory molecules.
SUMMARY Infection with parasitic helminths takes a heavy toll on the health and well-being of humans and their domestic livestock, concomitantly resulting in major economic losses. Analyses have consistently revealed bioactive molecules in extracts of helminths or in their excretory/secretory products that modulate the immune response of the host. It is our view that parasitic helminths are an ...
متن کاملEffect of Intra-Peritoneal Injection of Chitosan Nanoparticle Loaded with Leishmania major Excretory-Secretory Antigens on Macrophage Function in Exposure to Parasites in BALB/c Mice.
Background: Leishmania major (L.major) is a causative agent of leishmaniasis. The disease has now become a public health problem. Modulation of the immune responses to inhibit the infection or the proliferation of the parasite is an effective way to overcome the leishmaniosis. Leishmania parasite secretory-excretory antigens are responsible for immune system modulation; therefore, they are u...
متن کامل